International· 6 min read
EU and UK Trademarks After Brexit: Do You Need Both?
Why the EU mark stopped at the Channel, what became of older marks, and how to file in both markets now.
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International guides
Madrid Protocol, EU and UK filings, and African routes for Indian brand owners, explained by our international desk.
- International
International· 7 min read
How the Madrid Protocol Works: MM2(E), WIPO Checks and Refusals (2026)
The basic mark, Form MM2(E), WIPO examination, refusals and central attack, explained in order.
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International· 6 min read
Trademark Registration in Africa: OAPI, ARIPO or Country by Country?
OAPI, ARIPO, Madrid and national filings compared, with a market-by-market table for Indian exporters.
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